What is full form of NATO  in English and Hindi?

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) also called the North Atlantic Alliance. NATO is an intergovernmental military alliance amongst 29 North American and European countries. The main work is the implementation of the North Atlantic Treaty. The treaty was signed on 4 April 1949. The organization works on the agreement based on mutual defence in response to external attack.

Since the inception of NATO, the members have increased from the original 12 to 29 countries. Additional 21 countries are partners in NATO’s Partnership for Peace and other 15 involved in formal dialogue programs. All the members have promised to spend 2%of their GDP by 2024.

Full form of NATO  in Hindi: उत्‍तरी एटलांटिक संधि संगठन (नार्थ एटलांटिक ट्रीटी ऑर्गेनाइजेशन (नाटो)

The Treaty of Dunkirk, signed by France and the UK. Treaty of Dunkirk was a Treaty of Alliance and Mutual Assistance in wake of possibility of attack by Germany or the Soviet Union. The treaty was signed in the year 1947. In 1948, the alliance was extended to the Benelux nations, this formed the Brussels Treaty Organization (BTO). Talks for an alliance with North America lead to the signing of the North Atlantic Treaty in 1949.

NATO was formed to implement the North Atlantic Treaty and was initiated by Korean war. Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE) in 1951. Secretary General of NATO was made the organisation’s chief head in the year 1952. West Germany became a part of NATO in the year 1955, leading to the formation of the Warsaw Pact.

The doubts relating to safety against Soviet invasion still loomed over the member nations. France delineated from the NATO’s military structure in 1966. The Warsaw Pact fell through in 1989-1991. This caused a stir among the member nations, compelling NATO to re-evaluate its nature, purpose, tasks and the take on the European nations. the change was led by the signing of the Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in the European continent. The treaty was signed between the Soviet Union and NATO. The treaty binded the petitioner groups to reduce military actions across the Continent. The treaty held on even after the Soviet ceased to exist.

NATO has started new programs and aimed at newly self-governed Central and Asian nations, to save its decreasing number of members. The organization has forayed into political and humanitarian issues which were not the part of NATO’s curriculum.

The first NATO military interventions were exercised after the fall of the Berlin wall in 1989. Breakup of Yugoslavia also required NATO intervention in 1999. There have been no looking back after these military expeditions. NATO and its member countries have been available for help to any nation ever since. NATO has been aiding in fighting against terrorism as well. In 2001, NATO undertook a naval operation in the Mediterranean Sea to stop the movement of terrorists and arms and ammunition.

The organization has 29 members in total, sprawling across the North American and European Continent. The far off territories of these nations also come under the “area of responsibility” of NATO. In the years mid-1960s to mid-1990s, France stood in independence from NATO but in the year 2009, Nicolas Sarkozy negotiated the return of France in NATO. At present, France is the only member country outside the Nuclear Planning group of NATO.

NATO saw its enlargement process through the addition of Central and Eastern Europe. The former members of the Warsaw Pact were as well included. The acceptance of a new nation into the organization requires consent from each existing member country. A study conducted in the year 2006 in the journal Security Studies stated that enlargement of the organization led to democratic consolidation in the Central and Eastern part of Europe.

The Partnership for Peace Program was launched by NATO in 1994. The Program is based on the bilateral ties between each member nation.

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